Penyakit Ganas Yang Menyerupai AIDS : CHAGAS

Pendahuluan

Dunia kedokteran baru-baru ini telah digemparkan oleh banyaknya korban yang terjangkit penyakit aneh yang dapat membuat jantung bengkak dan meledak. Namun penyakit yang menyerupai AIDS ini lebih mematikan.

Ilmuwan akhirnya dapat mengidentifikasi sebuah serangga pemakan darah yang diklaim menyebarkan penyakit AIDS versi baru dan mempublikasikannya. Bedanya adalah penyakit yang ditularkan bukan berupa penyakit AIDS dalam arti yang sebenarnya, melainkan wabah penyakit yang disebut Chagas.

Pengenalan CHAGAS

Penyakit Chagas merupakan penyakit inflamasi menular yang disebabkan oleh parasit yang ditemukan dalam tinja serangga Triatomine / Triatome / Triatoma / Triatominae. 

Serangga Triatomine

Nama Chagas sendiri berasal dari nama seorang dokter Brazil yang menemukan penyakit ini pada tahun 1909. 

Penyakit Chagas umumnya terjadi di Amerika Selatan, Amerika Tengah dan Meksiko, dimana serangga yang tenar dengan nama Triatomine ini banyak berkembang. Penyakit ini juga sering disebut dengan Trypanosomiasis Amerika yang dapat menginfeksi siapa saja, tetapi yang paling sering di diagnosis pada anak-anak. 

Dan Penyakit Chagas pada umumnya menjangkit masyarakat yang hidup dibawah garis kemiskinan. Jika penyakit ini tidak diobati, penyakit Chagas pada akhirnya dapat menyebabkan masalah yang serius dan gangguan pencernaan. Dan yang lebih mencengangkan lagi, menurut catatan jurnal Plos Neglected Tropical Diseases, penyakit Chagas akan mengakibatkan pembengkakan di jantung, dan jika sudah parah organ ini dapat pecah dan menyebabkan kematian mendadak.

Para ilmuwan khawatir, penyakit Chagas ini sulit untuk di deteksi dan membutuhkan waktu hingga bertahun-tahun dan pada akhirnya muncul gejala. Kalau pun dapat di deteksi dini, maka pengobatan tercepat dapat membutuhkan waktu selama 3 bulan. Penularan penyakit ini dapat melalui tranfusi darah dan transplatasi organ, konsumsi makanan yang terkontaminasi dengan parasit, dan penularan dari ibu yang menderita ke janinnya. Tetapi tidak menular melalui hubungan intim, seperti layaknya kasus penularan virus HIV AIDS.

Karena beberapa alasan inilah mengapa para ilmuwan menyimpulkan bahwa Penyakit Chagas ini disebut sebagai Penyakit AIDS versi baru di Benua Amerika.

Penyakit Chagas dideteksi memiliki dua fase, yaitu fase akut dan fase kronis. Fase akut dapat berlangsung selama berminggu-minggu atau berbulan-bulan. Gejala yang ditimbulkan biasanya ringan dan mencakup:

1. Bengkak pada tempat infeksi
2. Demam
3. Kelelahan
4. Nyeri tubuh
5. Sakit kepala
6. Kehilangan nafsu makan
7. Mual, diare, atau muntah
8. Pembengkakan kelenjar
9. Pembesaran hati  atau limpa.

Namun jika tidak diobati, infeksi akan terus berlanjut dan maju ke fase kronis. Fase kronis dapat terjadi 10-20 tahun setelah infeksi awal. Dalam kasus yang parah, gejala penyakit Chagas yang ditimbulkan meliputi:

1. Denyut jantung tidak teratur
2. Peradangan jantung
3. Gagal jantung kongestif
4. Kesulitan menelan karena pembesaran kerongkongan
5. Sakit perut atau sembelit karena usus membesar.

Pengobatan CHAGAS

Pengobatan untuk penyakit Chagas berfokus pada membunuh parasit dan mengelola tanda dan gejala. Selama fase akut penyakit Chagas, beberapa resep obat-obatan benznidazole dan nifurttimox dapat bermanfaat. Setelah penyakit Chagas mencapai tahap kronis, maka obat tidak lagi efektif untuk menyembuhkan penyakit. Sebaliknya, pengobatan hanya di lakukan untuk meringankan gejala yang muncul.

Sangat mengerikan, semoga tidak menjalar ke Indonesia.

SUMBER:

www.merdeka.com
http://indocropcircles.wordpress.com/2012/06/01/penyakit-ganas-baru-chagas-penyakit-versi-aids-yang-kedua/
http://www.bachelora.com/life/health/2013-09-20/chagas-penyakit-mirip-aids-yang-ditularkan-dari-gigitan-serangga/
http://contoh-askep.blogspot.com/2012/02/apa-itu-penyakit-chagas.html
naturalsolutionsradio.com 
hatakehafiz.wordpress.com 
www.anehdidunia.com 
http://health.detik.com/readpenyakit/1071/penyakit-chagas

Tugas Softkill Bulan Pertama

Topic 1: Conditional Sentences

Exercise 21: Conditional Sentences
Page 97

1.  Henry talks to his dog as if it understood him.
2.  If they had left the house earlier, they would not have  so late getting to the airportthat they could not 
     check their baggage.
3.  If I finish the dress before Saturday, I will give it to my sister for her birthday.
4.  If I had seen the movie, I would have told you about it last night.
5.  Had Bob not interfered in his sister's marital problem, there would have been peace between them.
6.  He would give you the money if he had it.
7.  I wish they would stop making so much noise so that I could concentrate.
8.  She would call you immediately if she need help.
9.  Had the arrived at the sale early, they would have found a better selection.10.
10.We hope that you enjoyed the party last night.
11.If you have enough time, please paint the chair before you leave.
12.We could go for a drive if today were Saturday.
13.If she wins the prize, it will be because she writes very well.
14.Mike wished that the editors had permitted  him to copy some of their material.
15.Joel wishes that he could spend his vacation on the Gulf Coast next year.
16.I will accept if they invite me to the party
17.If your mother buys that car for you, will you be happy?
18.If he had decided earlier, he could have left on the afternoon flight.
19.Had we known your address, we would have written you a letter.
20.If the roofer doesn't come soon, the rain will leak inside.
21.Because Rose did so poorly on the exam, she wishes that she had studied harder last night.
22.My dog always wakes me up  if he hears strange noises.
23.If you see Mary today, please ask her to call me.
24.If he gets the raise, it will be because he does  a good job.
25.The teacher will not accept our work if we turn it in late.
26.Mrs.Wood always talks to her tenth-grade students as though they were adults.
27.If he had left already, he would have called us.
28.If they had known him, they would have talked to him.
29.He would understand it if you explained it to him more slowly.
30.I could understand the French teacher if she spoke more slowly.

Topic 2: Adjective, Adeverb and Comparison

Exercise 26: Adjectives and Adverb
Page 107

1.  Rita playsthe violin well.
2.  That is an intense novel.
3.  The sun is shinning brightly.
4.  The girls speak fluently French.
5.  The boys speak Spanish fluently.
6.  The table has a smooth surface.
7.  We must figure our income tax returns accurately.
8.  We don't like to drink bitter tea.
9.  The plane will arrive soon.
10.He had an accident because he was driving too fast.

Exercise 27: Linking (Capulative) Verbs
Page 109.

1.  Your cold sounds terrible.
2.  The pianist plays very well.
3.  The food in the restaurant always tastes good.
4.  The campers remained calm despite the thunderstrom.
5.  They became sick after eating the contaminated food.
6.  Professor Calandra looked quickly at the student sketches.
7.  Paco was working diligently on the project.
8.  Paul prosted vehemently about the new proposals.
9.  Our neighbors apeared relaxed after their vacation.
10.The music sounded too noisy to be clasical.

Exercise 28: Comparison
Page 114

1.  John and his friends left as soon as the the professor had finished his lecture.
2.  His job is more important than his friend's.
3.  He plays the guitar as well as Andres Segovia.
4.  A new house is much more expensive than an older one.
5.  Last week was as hot as this week.
6.  Martha is more talented than her cousin.
7.  Bill's descriptions are more colorful than his wife's.
8.  Nobody is happier than Maria Elena.
9.  The boys felt worse than the girls about losing the game.
10.A greyhound runs faster than a Chihuahua.

Exercise 29: Comparisons
Page 114

1.  The empire State Building is taller than the Statue of Liberty.
2.  California is farther from New York than Pennsylvania.
3.  His assignment is different from mine.
4.  Louie reads more quickly than his sisters.
5.  No animal is so big from a King Kong.
6.  That report is less impressive than the goverment's.
7.  Sam wears the same shirt as his teammates.
8.  Dave paints much more realistically than his professor.
9.  The twins have less money at the end of the month than they have at the beginning.
10.Her sports car is different from Nancys.

Exercise 30: Comparisons
Page 117

1.  Of the four dresses, I like the red one better.
2.  Phil is the happiest person that we know.
3.  Pat's car is faster than Dan's.
4.  This is the creamiest ice cream I have had in a long time.
5.  This poster is more colorful than the one in the hall.
6.  Does Fred feel better today than he did yesterday?
7.  This vegetable soup tastes very good.
8.  While trying to balance the baskets on her head, the woman walked more awkwardly than her daughter.
9.  Jane is the least athletic of all the women.
10.
11.This summary is the best of the pair.
12.Your heritage is different from mine.
13.This painting is less impressive than the one in the other gallery.
14.The colder the weather gets, the sicker I feel.
15.No sooner had he received the letter than he called Maria.
16.A mink coat costs twice more than a sable coat.
17.Jim has as little opportunities to play tennis as I.
18.That recipe calls for much more sugar than mine does.
19.The museum is the farthest away of the three buildings.
20.George Washington is more famous than John Jay.